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One of the lesser-known facts about the MySQL server is that it is possible to run multiple instances of the server on a single machine. This allows you to run your modified MySQL system on the same machine as your development installation. You may want to do this if your resources are limited or you want to run your modified server on the same machine as another installation for comparison purposes. Running multiple instances of MySQL requires specifying certain parameters on the command line or in the configuration file. At a minimum, you need to specify either a different TCP port or socket for the server to communicate on and specify different directories for the database files. An example of starting a second instance of MySQL on Windows is shown here: mysqld-debug --port 3307 --datadir="c:/mysql/test_data" --console In this example, I m telling the server to use TCP port 3307 (the default is 3306) and to use a different data directory and run as a console application. To connect to the second instance of the server, I must tell the client to use the same port as the server. For example, to connect to my second instance I d launch the MySQL client utility with mysql -uroot --port 3307 The --port parameter can also be used with the mysqladmin utility. For example, to shut down the second instance running on port 3307, issue the following command: mysqladmin -uroot --port 3307 shutdown There is a potential for problems with this technique. It is easy to forget which server you re connected to. A safe way to prevent confusion or to avoid issuing a query (like a DELETE or DROP) to the wrong server is to change the prompt on your MySQL client utilities to indicate

When an employee is let go or moves to another division, we want to be able to remove him from the system. Project managers, supervisors, and administrators should be able to do this. Once they re gone, we don t need any historical information, so they should be totally removed.

which server you are connected to. For example, issue the command prompt DBXP-> to set your prompt for the MySQL client connected to the experimental server and prompt Development-> for the MySQL client connected to the development server. This technique allows you to see at a glance which server you are about to issue a command. Examples of using the prompt command in the MySQL client are shown in Listing 9-1. Listing 9-1. Example of Changing the MySQL Client Prompt for the Experimental Server mysql> prompt DBXP-> PROMPT set to 'DBXP->' DBXP->show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | test | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec) DBXP->

As we were talking to the users to gather information about the previous use cases, the users walked through the requirements for assigning resources to projects. Since this process is common across several other processes, we can centralize it into a use case that s referenced from the others.

Tip You can also set the current database in the prompt by using the \d option. For example, to set the prompt in the client connected to the experimental server, issue the command prompt DBXP:\d->. This sets the prompt to indicate you are connected to the experimental server and the current database (specified by the last use command) separated by a colon (e.g., DBXP:Test->).

> sudo mcxrefresh -n gneagle Wed Mar 31 16:50:55 macbookpro.pretendco.com ManagedClient[324] <Error>: kCGErrorFailure: Set a breakpoint @ CGErrorBreakpoint() to catch errors as they are logged.

The project managers and supervisors need to be able to assign a resource to a project. When we do this, we need to indicate the role that the resource is playing in the project. We have a list of the roles, but we might need to change the list in the future. We also want to know when the resource was assigned to the project. Sometimes, a resource will switch from one role to another, so we need to be able to change the role at any time. Equally, a resource can be assigned to several projects at one time. (We often have people working part-time on several projects at once.) Last, we need to be able to remove an assignment. This happens when an employee is let go or moves to another division (see the Removing a Resource section earlier in this chapter); but we also often move people around from project to project. There s no need to keep track of who used to be on a project, because we only use this system for tracking current projects and the resources assigned to them right now.